The Genomic Impact of European Colonization of the Americas

Linda Ongaro 1, Marilia O Scliar 2, Rodrigo Flores 3, Alessandro Raveane 4, Davide Marnetto 3, Stefania Sarno 5, Guido A Gnecchi-Ruscone 6,Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme 7, Etienne Patin 8, Pongsakorn Wangkumhang 9, Garrett Hellenthal 9, Miguel Gonzalez-Santos 10, Roy J King 11, Anastasia Kouvatsi 12, Oleg Balanovsky 13, Elena Balanovska 13, Lubov Atramentova 14, Shahlo Turdikulova 15, Sarabjit Mastana 16, Damir Marjanovic 17, Lejla Mulahasanovic 18, Andreja Leskovac 19, Maria F Lima-Costa 20, Alexandre C Pereira 21, Mauricio L Barreto 22, Bernardo L Horta 23, Nédio Mabunda 24, Celia A May 25, Andrés Moreno-Estrada 26, Alessandro Achilli 4, Anna Olivieri 4, Ornella Semino 4, Kristiina Tambets 3, Toomas Kivisild 27, Donata Luiselli 28, Antonio Torroni 4, Cristian Capelli 10, Eduardo Tarazona-Santos 29, Mait Metspalu 3, Luca Pagani 30, Francesco Montinaro 31
  1. Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia; Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia. Electronic address: linda.ongaro@ut.ee.
  2. Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil; Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
  3. Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
  4. Department of Biology and Biotechnology „L. Spallanzani“, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
  5. Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40100, Italy.
  6. Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40100, Italy; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena 07745, Germany.
  7. GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada 18016, Spain.
  8. Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Pasteur Institute, UMR2000, CNRS, Paris 75015, France.
  9. Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment and UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
  10. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK.
  11. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5101, USA.
  12. Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
  13. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Ulitsa Gubkina, 3, Moscow 117971, Russia; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorech’ye Ulitsa, 1, Moscow 115478, Russia; Biobank of North Eurasia, Kotlyakovskaya Ulitsa, 3 строение 12, Moscow 115201, Russia.
  14. Department of Genetics and Cytology, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv 61022, Ukraine.
  15. Laboratory of Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100047, Uzbekistan.
  16. School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK.
  17. Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, International Burch University, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Institute for Anthropological Researches, Zagreb, Croatia.
  18. CeGaT GmbH, Tübingen, Praxis für Humangenetik, Tübingen 72076, Germany.
  19. Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, M. Petrovica Alasa 12-14, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
  20. Instituto de Pesquisa Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG 30190-002, Brazil.
  21. Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05403-900, Brazil.
  22. Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA 0110-040, Brazil; Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, BA 41745-715, Brazil.
  23. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 464, Pelotas, RS 96001-970, Brazil.
  24. Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Distrito de Marracuene, Estrada Nacional N 1, Província de Maputo, Maputo 1120, Mozambique
  25. Department of Genetics & Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
  26. National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (LANGEBIO), CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato 36821, Mexico.
  27. Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 – box 602, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
  28. Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna, Ravenna Campus, Ravenna 48100, Italy.
  29. Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
  30. Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58B, Padua 35100, Italy.
  31. Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, Riia 23, Tartu 51010, Estonia; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK. Electronic address: francesco.montinaro@gmail.com.